CheckDisk (CHKDSK) tool may report "Error detected in index $I30 for file..." when the system resumes booting into Windows(R) 10 OS.

This can occur if a system that has either a Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume or Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume boots into WinPE* for offline Windows* image maintenance.

See below for more details on how to prevent this issue on your system.

Environment

• Platforms with Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume or Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume.
  • Software Remapped Intel(R) optane(TM) memory volume means Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume that has either:
    • An Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory M module connected to a CPU-attached NVMe M.2 port;
      or
    • Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory H10 connected to a PCH-attached NVMe M.2 port with Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume enabled.
  • Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume means RAID volume that has at least one Intel(R) NVMe device attached to a CPU-attached NVMe M.2 port.
• Intel(R) Rapid Storage Technology (Intel(R) RST) driver version 16.x and 17.x.
• WinPE booting image.

Details of CheckDisk Tool Error Report

• If an Intel(R) RST driver is not injected into WinPE before a system with Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume or Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume boots into WinPE, then when the system boots into WinPE, WinPE will load the default Microsoft NVMe* driver on the NVMe drives that make up Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume or Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume when it detects a known file system.
  
  Microsoft NVMe driver and Intel(R) RST driver architecture for Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume or Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume are not compatible. Therefore NVMe drives that make up the Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume and Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume become visible in WinPE as regular NVMe pass-through drives.
  
  If the NVMe drives contain known file system data, such as GUID Partition Table, WinPE will read and write to the NVMe drive partition and may result in CheckDisk reporting a file error.

Steps to take to prevent the issue

• If a user wants to use WinPE to make changes to Windows operating system installed on the system's Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume or Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume, please follow one of these two options:
  
  Option 1:
  Inject the desired version of Intel(R) RST driver into their WinPE image first before attempting to boot the desired configured system into WinPE.
  Injecting Intel(R) RST driver means adding the Intel(R) RST driver to WinPE's "boot.wim" file. For specific instructions on how to inject the Intel(R) RST driver to the WinPE boot image check WinPE: Mount and Customize.
  
  Option 2:
  Disable Software Remapped Intel(R) Optane(TM) memory volume or Software Remapped Intel(R) RAID volume before attempting to boot into WinPE.

Intel(R), Documentation ID 000055157, "Guidance for Injecting Intel(R) RST Driver into Windows Pre-Installation Environment* (WinPE*) for Inte(R) Optane(TM)/Intel(R) RAID Volume",
08/06/2019, https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000055157/memory-and-storage.html